The factor that reduces side lobe artifact is:

Dynamic focusing is a technique used in ultrasound imaging that helps to improve the quality of the images by optimizing the focusing of the sound beam at various depths. In the context of reducing side lobe artifacts, dynamic focusing works by continuously adjusting the focusing of the ultrasound beam as it travels through different tissue layers.

Side lobes are secondary beams of ultrasound energy that can contribute to artifacts by reflecting off structures that are not in the main beam path, leading to false echoes. By employing dynamic focusing, the system can refine the main beam’s focus and help mitigate the effects of these side lobes, thus reducing the likelihood of artifacts.

Other methods, such as increasing the transducer diameter or using higher frequencies, can also influence image quality and resolution, but they do not specifically target the reduction of side lobes as effectively as dynamic focusing. Dynamic focusing allows for real-time adjustments that enhance image clarity and reduce the impact of undesired echoes.