What does the term "frequency" indicate in ultrasound technology?

Frequency in ultrasound technology refers to the number of cycles of sound waves occurring per second, which is measured in hertz (Hz). This characteristic is fundamental to determining the imaging capabilities of ultrasound systems. Higher frequencies provide better resolution images because they produce shorter wavelengths, which can enhance the detail seen in soft tissues and small structures. However, while higher frequency improves resolution, it has limited penetration depth, making it suitable for imaging superficial structures. Conversely, lower frequencies penetrate deeper into tissues, but with reduced resolution.

Understanding frequency is crucial for ensuring optimal imaging based on the clinical scenario, thus influencing the selection of transducers and settings during an ultrasound examination. This knowledge is key for sonographers in optimizing their imaging protocols for various medical assessments.